Set Theory

is a set{ }
is an element of∈
is not an element of∉
subset
is a subset of⊆
proper subset
is a proper subset of⊂
is not a subset of⊄
union∪
intersection∩
the empty set∅
proper superset
is a superset of⊇
superset
is a proper superset of⊃
Venn Diagram

f(1) = 1
f(2) = 3
f(3) = 7
f(4) = 15

formula:
f(1) = 1
f(n) = f(n-1) * 2 + 1